Ava Renee Wood, infant daughter of Mr. Seth Wood and Ms. Karly Bingaman passed away on Tuesday, January 15, 2019 at Bronson Hospital. She was a bright, beautiful angel who blessed her family for the eight weeks of her precious, brave life.

She was preceded in death by great-grandfather, Ron Sult and great-grandmother, Mary Keller; Brother Zeus, Papa Bing, Grandpa Modert, and Grandpa Michael Oakley.

She leaves to cherish her loving memory, parents, Seth Wood and Karly Bingaman; grandparents, Delmer Wood, Jennifer (Brian) Wheeler, Bill (Krystal) Bingaman, Brandon (Leslie) Schoolcraft, Grandma Bing, and Grandma Modert; great-grandmother, Nancy Sult. Several aunts and uncles, Amberlee, Ally, Nicole, Amanda, Sami , Haidin, Nicholas, Jorden, and Bentley; many cousins.

Funeral Services will be held for Ava on Monday, January, 21, 2019 at 11:00 a.m. at the Hohner Funeral Home with Pastor David Peterson officiating. Interment will be held in Prairie River Cemetery.

Memorial donations in Ava’s memory may be directed to the Charity of one’s Choice. Envelopes are available at Hohner Funeral Home. Online condolences may be left at www.hohnerfh.com.

Wilbur “Bill” Carpenter, age 74, passed away on Tuesday, January 15, 2019 in Oakwood, Ohio.
He was born Nov. 24, 1944 the son of the late Hubert Carpenter and Mary Altonia (Mercer) Hoffine.  Bill was a 1962 graduate of Constantine High School.
On Sept. 3, 1999 he married LaDonna AuFrance.  He is survived by his children, Janie Avilla, Douglas Harrison, John (Jeanne) Carpenter and Thomas (Rachel) Carpenter; 17 grandchildren; two great granddaughters; siblings, Naoma Irelan, Phil (Pam) Hoffine, and Danny Urick.
He was preceded in death by siblings, Diana Couch, Ronald Carpenter, nephew, Ronnie Ramer.
Funeral services will be conducted at 11 a.m. Friday, Jan. 18 at Den Herder Funeral Home, Paulding, Ohio.  Burial will be in Pleasant Grove Cemetery, Paulding.
Visitation will be from 4 to 8 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 17 at Den Herder Funeral Home.  There will also be visitation on Friday from 10 a.m. until time of services.
In lieu of flowers, please consider a donation made to the family.
Online condolences may be sent to www.denherderfh.com.

Maxine Loraine (Reiling) Parish was born April 23, 1916, in Battle Creek. When Maxine was a young girl, her parents, John L. Reiling and Sophia (Bent) Reiling, moved the family to Three Rivers. Maxine graduated in 1934, from Lima High School in Howe, Ind.
Maxine married Vernal Parish and they lived in Ontario, Ind. Maxine and Vernal owned and operated Parish Hardware in Howe, Ind., for 30 years before retiring. Maxine was not one to sit still in retirement, though, and she kept herself busy making hundreds of quilts, taking care of her large garden and baking delicious pies. She was truly an amazing quiltmaker, and those wonderful quilts are probably the first thing that comes to mind for most people when you mention her name. While Maxine probably could have sold those quilts for a considerable price, her family does not believe she ever sold one. Instead, because she was such a generous person, she gave them away to family, friends and anyone else she thought might enjoy having a quilt. Later in life, Maxine moved to Sturgis.
Maxine lived to be 102 and was not far from her 103rd birthday when she passed. She died on Thursday, Jan.17, 2019, at Thurston Woods Village in Sturgis. Despite being 102, her hair was still the same auburn brown color as when she was a young woman, and she had only a hint of gray. Her longevity and strength was an inspiration to her family.
Maxine is survived by her son, Jeffrey L. (Georgette) Parish of Willow Springs, N.C.; her daughter; five grandchildren, John Pouch, Jacob Pouch, Katie Pouch, Jason Parish and Joshua Parish; and five great-grandchildren. Aunt Max also is survived by several nieces and nephews, great-nieces and great-nephews and great-great-nieces and great-great-nephews who loved her dearly.
She was preceded in death by her brothers John Reiling and Denzil Reiling; and her sisters Marguerite Cain, Katheryn Gauthier, Beatrice Weidenbeck and Luella Kendall.
Visitation will be held from 5 to 8 p.m. Monday, Jan. 21, at Hackman Chapel of Hackman Family Funeral Homes, 114 S. Nottawa St., Sturgis. A funeral service will be held at noon Tuesday, Jan. 22, at the funeral home, with burial to immediately follow at Bly Cemetery in Marcellus.
Memorial donations may be directed to Thurston Woods Village, 307 N. Franks Ave., Sturgis, MI 49091; or the charity of one’s choice .
Her obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com, where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

George Nazarowff, age 83, of Lake Templene, Sturgis, passed away Thursday, January 17th, at Borgess Medical Center. George was born in Dearborn on November 24, 1935, a son of the late Norman and Victoria (Prebosky) Nazarowff. He graduated from Fordson High School in Dearborn in 1953.

On November 26, 1955, he married Patricia Przybylowski in Dearborn. Together, they had three children. George worked for the City of Dearborn for over 30 years, retiring as Superintendent of City Parks. He loved to ride his tractor, golf, fish, and watch hockey. He and his wife were members of Immaculate Conception Church in Three Rivers.

Surviving George are his wife Pat of Lake Templene, son Raymond Nazarowff (Linda Dillingham) of Dearborn, son Wayne (Atea) Nazarowff of Brighton, and daughter Cathi Nazarowff of Fishers, IN; and grandchildren Atea B. (Joseph) Duso and their son Ford Joseph Duso, Anthony Wayne (Shelby) Nazarowff, Elliott Victor Nazarowff, Brianne Marie Reinhold, and Sgt. Andrew David (Donnaree) Reinhold and their daughter Elianna Reinhold.

He was preceded in death by his parents, sister Nina LaJeunesse, and brothers Norm and Paul Nazarowff.

According to George’s wishes, cremation has taken place. Relatives and friends will be received on Friday, January 25 from 10 to 11am at Eley Funeral Home, Centreville, with religious services starting at 11am. Father Antony Rajesh, Immaculate Conception Church, will officiate.

Online condolences can be left for the famliy at www.eleyfuneralhomes.com.

Jackie L. Stryker, age 56, of Sturgis, died Friday, Jan. 11, 2019, at Bronson Methodist Hospital, following an extended illness.
No services are planned at this time. Arrangements are by Farrand Funeral Home in White Pigeon.

Manford O. Leeth, age 92, of Sturgis, died Thursday, Jan. 17, 2019, at Cambrian Assisted Living in Tecumseh.
Visitation will be from noon to 2 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 31, 2019, at Farrand Funeral Home in White Pigeon, where services begin at 2 p.m. Interment will following in White Pigeon Township Cemetery.

Michael J. Baker, 62, of Kalamazoo, died Thursday, Jan. 17, 2019, at his home, following an extended illness.
Cremation has taken place. Interment will take place at a later date at Fort Custer National Cemetery in Augusta. Arrangements are by Farrand Funeral Home in White Pigeon.

Patricia Lueen Thompson, age 93, died on Saturday, January 19, 2019.
Arrangements are pending at Hohner Funeral Home.

Bonnie May Carta, age 85, of Three Rivers, died Sunday, Jan. 20, 2019 at her home. She was born in Indiana on Jan. 26, 1933 the daughter of Andrew and Gertrude (Gottschalk) Lewis. The family moved to Three Rivers when she entered the ninth grade, and Bonnie graduated from Three Rivers High School with the class of 1951. She met her future husband while working at Peterson Spring. Bonnie and Paul Carta were married in Three Rivers on July 7, 1956. Bonnie was the secretary at Immaculate Conception Catholic Church, at the Shopper’s Guide, and for P.M. Automotive in Three Rivers. She enjoyed reading, sewing, baking for her family, and spending time with her grandchildren.

Bonnie is survived by her husband, Paul Carta of Three Rivers; two daughters, Christina Carta of Three Rivers and Regina (Brian) Petoskey of Centreville; two grandchildren, Nathan (Cassy) Petoskey of Constantine and Eric Petoskey of Colorado Springs, CO; a brother, Chester Lewis of Duluth, MN; and sister in law, Marsha Lewis of Three Rivers. She was preceded in death by her parents; and by two brothers, Richard and George Lewis.

In keeping with her wishes, cremation has been conducted. The family will receive friends from 5 to 6 pm Thursday at the Eickhoff Farrand Halverson Chapel, 305 Rock River Ave., Three Rivers. A memorial funeral mass will be held at 1:00 pm Friday, Jan 25, 2019 at Immaculate Conception Catholic Church with Rev. Antony Rajesh officiating. Interment will be in Riverside Cemetery. Memorials may be directed to a charity of the donor’s choice. Online condolences may be expressed to the family at www.efhchapel.com

Betty A. Bognar, age 73, of South Bend, died Saturday, Jan. 19, 2019, in Mishawaka, following an extended illness.
Visitation will be from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Friday, Jan. 25, 2019, at Farrand Funeral Home in White Pigeon, where services will be held at 1 p.m.. Interment will follow in St. Joseph Catholic Cemetery in White Pigeon.

Gloria M. Gunthorp, age 77, of Howe, died  on Saturday, Jan. 19, 2019, at Life Care Center of LaGrange.
Mrs. Gunthorp was born Oct. 22, 1941, in Spring Port, Mich., to Albert R. and Dorothy M. (Babcock) Baum.
Living in the Howe area for many years, she moved to the area from Colon in 1962. Gloria was a homemaker and had worked at Miller’s Merry Manor as an aide and also at Howe Restaurant.
Mrs. Gunthorp was a member of Lima Presbyterian Church in Howe and the Priscilla Circle of the church. She also was a member of Red Hat Society in Shipshewana.
On June 30, 1962, in Howe, she married Charles R. Gunthorp. He preceded her in death March 17, 2004.
Surviving are two daughters and a son-in-law, Sally and Gary Chavalia of Manton, Mich., and Nancy Frohriep of Sturgis.; a son, Tony Gunthorp of Howe; and eight grandchildren.
Along with her husband, she was preceded in death by her parents; a son, James Gunthorp; a sister, Jean Baum; and a brother, Jim Baum.
Funeral services will take place at 2 p.m. Wednesday, Jan. 23, 2019, at Lima Presbyterian Church, 608 Fourth St., Howe, Ind. The Rev. David Hughes will officiate the services. Burial will follow at Riverside Cemetery in Howe.
Visitation will take place from 5 to 8 p.m. Tuesday, Jan, 22, 2019, at Frurip-May Funeral Home, 309 W. Michigan St., LaGrange, Ind.
Memorials may be made to Lima Presbyterian Church.
Condolences may be left for the family at www.fruripmayfuneralhome.com.

Maxine Irma Ropp, age 100, of Sturgis, passed away Saturday evening January 19, 2019 at her home at Thurston Woods Villa in Sturgis.
She was born February 26, 1918 daughter of the late Elmer C. and Neva (Nelson) Clark in the same house her father was born in west of Constantine. She was the last surviving member of the Constantine High School graduating class of 1935.
Maxine married Harold D. Ropp and moved to Sturgis in 1951. She had been employed by Freeman Manufacturing and then went to work with Harold in his cabinet making business. They were active campers and established Ropp’s Fleet Wings Camper Club in 1963.
Maxine was a longtime member of the First United Methodist Church in Sturgis, the American Legion Auxiliary, Sturgis Hospital Gift Shop Guild, and Chairman of the Sherman Township Cancer Drive. She enjoyed gardening and tending to her flowers.
In 2001 Maxine wrote a book and had it published. The book is entitled “I Remember Well” about her early life on the farm and ends when her father passes away in 1930.
She is survived by: her children: Dale (Jane) Ropp of Marysville, MI, Jean Ann (Dean) Barber of Hickory Corners, MI and Phyllis McBride of LaGrange; 12 Grandchildren:Jeff (Margaret) Ropp of West Bloomfield, MI, Christopher “Topher” (Beverly) Ropp of Kalamazoo, Patrick (Jill) Ropp of Boring, OR, Victoria Swinehart of LaGrange, Randy McBride of LaGrange, Dave (Tracey) McBride of Smartt, TN, Rick (Jennifer) McBride of Howe, Gary (Lisa) McBride of LaGrange, Douglas (Catherine) McBride of Detroit, Steven Ware of LeRoy, MI, Gerald (Julie) Barber of Parchment, MI and Margo (Michael) Malcheski of Akron, OH; many Great Grandchildren, and Great Great Grandchildren, and Nieces and Nephews.
She was preceded in death by her parents; husband; daughter: Evelyn Ware; two granddaughters: Kellie Barber and Patricia Ware; two sisters: Dorothy Kramb and Lillian Hofmeister and two brothers: Francis Clark and Cleyon Clark.
The family will receive friends from 5:00 – to 7:00 P.M. Thursday and 3:00 to 7:00 PM. Friday at the Rosenberg Chapel of Hackman Family Funeral Homes, 807 E. Chicago Rd., Sturgis, MI 49091, 269-651-3284. Funeral services celebrating the life of Maxine Irma Ropp will be held at 1:00 P.M. Saturday, Jan.26 at the First United Methodist Church in Sturgis. The Rev. Jeanne Garza will officiate. A graveside committal will follow the service at Oak Lawn Cemetery in Sturgis.
In lieu of flowers Maxine’s wishes were for memorial donations to be directed to the First United Methodist Church, 200 Pleasant Ave., Sturgis, MI 49091.
The obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

Robert Lee Dawson II, age 62, of Sturgis, passed away Sunday, Jan. 6, 2019, at Rose Arbor Hospice Residence in Kalamazoo.
He was born March 11, 1956, in Wyandotte, a son of Robert Lee and Dyvonne Dawson.
Robert resided in Sturgis since 1995 coming from the Detroit area.
On July 24, 2004, he married Ann Collett in Sturgis.
Robert was a talented carpenter and handyman by trade.
He was a member of Sturgis Missionary Church. He had a true appreciation for the outdoors, especially when he was on the lake fishing. Robert’s greatest love was spending time with his family, especially his grandchildren.
He is survived by his wife, Ann; three daughters, Katrina (Tim) Shufelt of Sturgis, Amanda (Neil) Burson of Three Rivers and Deborah (Austin) Bartholomew of Sturgis; six grandchildren, Jade, Anthony, Iliah, Wyatt, Rylynn and Bella; his mother, Dyvonne Riach of Southgate; two sisters, Susan (Kevin) Comerzan of Woodhaven and Karen Dawson of Sturgis; a brother, Brian Dawson of Wyandotte; and several nieces and nephews.
He was preceded in death by his father, Robert Lee Dawson; stepfather Robert Riach; a sister, Lynn Willis; and a nephew, Jesse Willis.
In accordance with his wishes, cremation has taken place. A gathering of family and friends for the sharing of a meal and to celebrate and honor the life of Robert Lee Dawson will be held from 1 to 3 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 26, at Sturgis Missionary Church, 67080 M-66, Sturgis.
In lieu of flowers, the family suggests memorial donations be directed to American Cancer Society , attn: LaGrange County Relay For Life , 130 Red Coach Drive, Mishawaka, IN 46545.
His obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com, where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

Jarrod N. Dingman, age 39, formerly of Colon, passed away Sunday, Jan. 20, 2019, at Bronson Battle Creek Hospital.
A memorial service will be held in memory of Jarrod at 2 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 26, 2019, at Schipper Funeral Home in Colon. Online condolences may be left for the family at Schipperfuneralhome.com.

Julie Ann Blanchard, age 60, of Swartz Creek, and formerly of Sturgis, passed away Monday, Jan. 21, 2019, at her home.
She was born July 25, 1958, in Sturgis, a daughter of the late Elwin and Joyce (Bedford) Blanchard.
Julie resided in Swartz Creek for more than 20 years, coming from Sturgis, where she was a graduate of Sturgis High School with the class of 1976. She furthered her education at Ferris State University, where she earned a bachelor’s degree in education.
Most of Julie’s working life was as a medical lab tech with Genesys Regional Medical Center.
She enjoyed ceramics, traveling and loved her bulldog, Hoover.
Julie is survived by a sister, Patti Blanchard of Benton, Harbor; a brother, Terry (Roberta) Blanchard of Clarkston; three nieces, Christine (Derek) Dobrydney of Williston, Vt., Jennifer Blanchard of Waterford and Amanda (Cary) Gess of Stevensville; great-nephew and great-niece Ixac Gess and Annabell Gess; two aunts, Ruth Ann (Chuck) Sprowl of Sturgis and Sharon Wetzel of New Orleans; two uncles, Jack (Gail) Blanchard of Hurricane, Utah, and James (Marsha) Bedford of DeLand, Fla.; and several cousins.
The family will receive friends from 10 to 11 a.m. Saturday at Hackman Chapel of Hackman Family Funeral Homes, 114 S. Nottawa St., Sturgis. Funeral services celebrating the life of Julie Ann Blanchard will be held at 11 a.m. Saturday at the funeral home. The Rev. John Shoup of Sturgis Church of the Nazarene will officiate. In accordance with her wishes, cremation will follow the service. Private burial of the ashes will take place at a later date at Oak Lawn Cemetery in Sturgis.
Memorial donations would be appreciated to the American Cancer Society , P.O. Box 22718, Oklahoma City, OK 73123.
Her obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com, where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

Mrs. Phyllis Mona Bussler, age 103, passed away peacefully on Wednesday, January 23, 2019 at Heartland Health Care Center, Three Rivers. She was born on Dec. 27th , 1915 in Dowagiac, the daughter of the late Harry William (Coral Lyons) Claussen.
Phyllis graduated from Dowagiac High School in 1934. She attended Glen Oaks College for two years. Phyllis was the secretary at the Immaculate Conception Catholic Church for 22 years retiring in 1982. She was a lifetime member of St. Peter’s Lutheran Church where she was very active.
Mrs. Bussler was preceded in death by her husband, Oscar Bussler; one brother, Duane Claussen; one sister Louise Huff; and one granddaughter, Julie Lynn Moyer. She leaves to cherish her loving memory, two daughters, Barbara (Dale) Bingaman, of Groton, Connecticut, Donna (Art) Moyer, of Colon, Michigan; Four grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren. Two great-great-grandchildren. Several nieces and nephews.

The family will receive friends from 2:00 until 4:00 p.m. on Sunday, Jan. 27th , 2019 at the Hohner Funeral Home. Funeral Services will be held at 11:00 a.m. on Monday, Jan. 28th , 2019 at St. Peter’s Evangelical Lutheran Church with Pastor Bob Bartz and Pastor David Grimm officiating.
Interment will be held in Dowagiac Cemetery at a later date.

Memorials in Phyllis’s memory may be donated to St. Peters Lutheran Church or the charity of one’s choice. Envelopes available at Hohner Funeral Home in care of arrangements.

Judith Ann (McElhenie) Nufer (Judi), age 70, of Kalamazoo, passed away unexpectedly Saturday, Jan. 12, 2019, at home.
Judi was born July 1, 1948, in Sturgis, to Ross and Lenore (Pinney) McElhenie.
She was a 1966 graduate of Sturgis High School, where she was a member of the concert and marching bands. Judi attended Michigan State University and later Grand Rapids Community College, eventually becoming a licensed practical nurse serving at Sturgis Memorial Hospital and Bronson Methodist Hospital. Judi loved children, volunteering and then working as a paraprofessional at Martin Luther King Jr. School in Westwood during the 1990s and 2000s. She was a loving and irreplaceable mother and grandmother who will be greatly missed by her friends and family.
Judi was preceded in death by her father (Ross, 2006) and mother (Lenore, 2015).
She is survived by a son, Corey, of Kalamazoo, who lovingly cared for her in the decade before her death; her daughter and son-in-law, Bethany and Clifford Hicks of Benton, Ark.; three grandchildren, Benjamin, Samuel, and Emma; and her brother and sister-in-law, Richard and Amy McElhenie of Punta Gorda, Fla.
A graveside service and burial of ashes, followed by a gathering celebrating Judi’s life is being planned for 11 a.m. Saturday, June 29, at Oak Lawn Cemetery in Sturgis.
Hackman Chapel of Hackman Family Funeral Homes, 114 S. Nottawa St., Sturgis, is entrusted with the arrangements.
In lieu of flowers, those who wish to make a memorial donation in her name to help cover funeral expenses may do so through mailing or transferring a contribution directly to Judith Nufer Memorial Fund US Bank, 100 Commerce St. Bryant AR 72022, account number 151803528133.
Her obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com, where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

Amanda “Amy” Dawn McEntire, age 42, died on Wednesday, January 23, 2019.

Arrangements are pending at Hohner Funeral Home.

Tiny Patience Burchard, age 96, of Mountain Grove, Missouri and a former longtime active resident of Sturgis passed away Thursday, January 24, 2019 in Mount Grove.
She was born on February 13, 1922 in Gravois Mills, Missouri daughter of Harley E. and Nellie (Conner) Holst. She was one of nine brothers and four sisters. Her parents owned a farm where they all resided and lent a hand.
On December 21, 1939 she married Robert W. Burton in Boonville, Missouri. Robert passed away onApril 16, 1974 after 34 years of marriage. Tiny married Harold Chapin on July 25, 1975. Harold passed away January 1, 1989. Tiny married Luther Burchard August 22, 1994. Luther passed away January 28, 2008.
Tiny spent her early years in Missouri before moving to California in 1942 with Robert and their son Dwain, born in August of 1940. While in California, the couple secured jobs in the shipyards building ships for the war. During their residence in California, daughter Joyce was born in September 1943. Following the war, they moved back to Missouri only to find no employment. From the encouragement of a brother who had moved to Sturgis, Michigan and spoke of plentiful jobs, they packed their belongings and made the move in 1947. Tiny began working at Kirsch Company in 1949. During that time, her third son, Kevin was born in 1955. Tiny retired from Kirsch Company after 30-years of employment in 1979.
Tiny was a founding member of the Sturgis Wesleyan Church (Radiant Life Church) in Sturgis. She was an active member serving in various areas of the church; Sunday school teacher, choir member, youth leader, singing solos, home builder’s class, church board. She loved and served the Lord Jesus Christ with a steadfast heart. She enjoyed quilting, canning, gardening and learning to play the organ. In her later years, she volunteered her time by visiting with residents at Thurston Woods Nursing home twice a week. Even though she was older than many, she brought joy to both staff and residents.
Upon retiring from the Kirsch Company in 1979, Tiny would spend her winters in Zephyrhills, Florida. While in Florida, she volunteered at a local hospital and was involved at the Zephyrhills Wesleyan Church.
Tiny is survived by her brother Dewey Holst of Missouri; daughter Joyce (Bob) Aldrich of Coolidge, Arizona; son Kevin (Rose) Burton of Sturgis; daughter-in-law Marilyn Burton of Branson, Missouri; seven grandchildren – Wendy Grandstaff, Robbie Miller, Justine Burton, Dwain Burton, Jason Burton, Angela Tabb and Sean Burton; fourteen great grandchildren and several great great grandchildren.
Tiny was preceded in death by her parents, three husbands, son Robert Dwain Burton, eight brothers and four sisters.
The family will receive friends from 5:00 to 8:00 P.M. Monday at the Hackman Chapel of Hackman Family Funeral Homes, 114 S. Nottawa St., Sturgis, MI 49091, 269-651-2331. Funeral services celebrating the life of Tiny Burchard will be held at 11:00 A.M. Tuesday at the Radiant Life Church, 907 N. Nottawa St. in Sturgis. The Rev. Ryan Bibb will officiate. A graveside committal will follow the service at Oak Lawn Cemetery in Sturgis.
The family suggests those wishing to make a memorial donation in Tiny’s memory consider the Radiant Life Church, 907 N. Nottawa St., Sturgis, MI 49091 or the National Kidney Foundation of Michigan, 1345 Monroe Ave NW #140, Grand Rapids, MI 49505.
The obituary is also at www.hackmanfamilyfuneralhomes.com where personal messages of support may be left for the family.

Timothy W. Baker, age 66, of Colon, passed away on Thursday, Jan. 24, 2019.
The family will receive relatives and friends from 1 to 3 p.m. Sunday, Jan. 27, 2019, at New Beginnings Church, Sturgis, with a memorial service taking place at 3 p.m.
The family was assisted by Schipper Funeral Home in Colon.